Hand hygiene is a critical component of infection control and prevention. It involves taking measures to prevent the spread of germs and bacteria by cleaning hands thoroughly and regularly. Proper hand hygiene practices, such as washing hands with soap and water or using hand sanitizer, can significantly reduce the transmission of infectious diseases, including the common cold, flu, and even potentially deadly viruses like COVID-19. Research in hand hygiene focuses on understanding the effectiveness of different hand hygiene methods, promoting compliance with hand hygiene protocols among healthcare workers and the general public, and developing new technologies and products to improve hand hygiene practices. By improving hand hygiene, the spread of infections can be reduced, leading to better overall public health outcomes.